| Key: Clinical Mastitis Evaluation |
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| Definitions |
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Other useful clinical mastitis
indices are: |
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| What
is a clinical case?
The definition being suggested by the AABP Mastitis Committee is |
1. Average quarters per case: |
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| "whenever
clinical signs (abnormal milk, swollen inflamed quarter, etc.) occur in a |
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number of
quarters affected during time period |
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| cow
with saleable milk."
This is a very basic definition.
It would also include those cows |
number of
clinical cases during the time period |
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| with
clinical signs at calving but still having unsalable colostral milk. |
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| When
is a case considered a repeat or recurring case? In the literature the definition |
2. Average duration of treatment per case: |
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| of
what constitutes a new clinical episode varies. A range of from 6 to 17 days recurring |
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total
number of cow treatment days during time period |
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| clinical
signs has been used as criterion. For
the purpose of routine clinical mastitis record keeping, |
total
number of clinical cases during time period |
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| an
interval of 14 days is being suggested as a good and niversally practical
criterion. |
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| Clinical
Mastitis Indices |
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3. Average days milk discarded per case: |
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| The
following are being suggested as the "core" clinical mastitis
indices that should be used |
total
number of days milk discarded during time period |
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| in
monitoring clinical mastitis: |
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total
number of clinical cases during time period |
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| 1. Clinical cases per 100 cows per month and
per year: This
represents the number of |
4. Percent of cows culled because of clinical
mastitis per year: |
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| clinical
cases that occurred in the lactating herd during the designated period of
interest. |
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number of
cows culled for clinical cases during period |
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| This
is a good overall measure of clinical mastitis at the herd level. Expressed either as cases |
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average number of dry
and lactating cows during time period |
x 100 |
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| per
100 cows or as a percentage of the lactating here, easy comparisons can be
made with |
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| research
incidence data or between herds.
Goals should be set at realistic, attainable levels |
5. Percent of cows died because of clinical
mastitis per year: |
| based
on the herd's current status. |
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| number of clinical cases during time period |
x 100 |
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number of
cows that die because of clinical mastitis during time period |
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| average number of milking cows during the time period |
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average
number of dry and lactating cows during time period |
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| 2. Percent of cows affected: This represents the
percent of lactating cows that had one |
6. Probability of a recurring case: This calculation depends
on |
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| or
more clinical cases during the designated period. Percent of cows affected in the herd give |
recording a history of
recurring clinical cases at each dairy.
With the |
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| some
indication of the depth of the herd's clinical mastitis problem. Is it a few chronic with |
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recorded
history as baseline data and assuming mastitis control practices |
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| several
recurring clinical cases, or is it an "outbreak" affecting a large
number of cows? |
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remain the same, it is
possible to predict the probability that a cow with one |
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| Calculation
of the percent of cows affected by lactation number, stage of lactation, or
season, etc. |
clinical case will have
another clinical case during that lactation.
For example, |
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| provides
a tool for epidemiological analysis of the herd's clinical mastitis problem. |
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the probability of a
first lactation animal having a second case of clinical |
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mastitis during that
lactation is equal to: |
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| number of cows with clinical cases during period |
x 100 |
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| average number of milking cows during time period |
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number of
1st lactation cows with 2 clinical cases this lactation |
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number of
1st lactation cows with 1 clinical case this lactation |
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| 3. Percent lactations with more than one
clinical case: The
percent of lactating cows |
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| that
have two or more clinical cases during a lactation represent the problem
cows. These |
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| cows will often account for a large
proportion of the total clinical mastitis |
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*
Reneau, J.K. 1993. Clinical mastitis records in production
medicine programs. |
| number of cows with 2 or more clinical cases during
period |
x 100 |
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Compend. Contin. Educ.
Pract. Vet. Vol 15(3) March 1993. |
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| average number of milking cows during time period |
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1B |
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